Is this the same as sweetened condensed milk from the store?
Functionally, yes. It’s reduced milk plus sugar, thick and sweet. The main differences: homemade is usually a little less concentrated and less “standardized” than canned (which is homogenized and made to a very exact solids level). For coffee, baking, and drizzling, it works beautifully as a 1:1 swap. For candy and recipes that need a very specific concentration (some fudges, caramel systems), you may want to simmer to a thicker end point or use a thermometer for consistency.
Can I make it without spices?
Absolutely. Skip the cinnamon, cardamom, and clove, and just keep the vanilla. You’ll have a classic homemade condensed milk.
Can I use brown sugar or honey?
You can replace up to half the granulated sugar with light brown sugar for a subtle caramel note. Honey works too, but it changes the flavor more noticeably and can make the mixture darker. If using honey, start with 1/3 cup and taste near the end.
Why did mine get grainy?
Graininess can come from a few things: sugar crystals on the side of the pot, cooking too hot, or milk solids concentrating and behaving badly (including lactose/protein issues). Keep the heat low, stir regularly, and scrape the bottom and corners. If you see crystals on the sides, brush them down with a damp pastry brush. A small squeeze of lemon juice can help discourage sucrose crystallization, but it won’t fix scorching, so the low-and-slow simmer still matters most.
Can I make this dairy-free?
You can try it with full-fat coconut milk, but it will taste like coconut and the texture can be slightly different. For best results with this exact method and flavor, dairy milk is the most reliable.
How do I know when it’s done?
It should coat the back of a spoon and slowly run off in a thick ribbon. Another cue: you’ll reduce the volume to about 1 1/4 cups (give or take a few tablespoons). If you like using a thermometer, aim for about 220°F/104°C for a thicker, more canned-like consistency. (Altitude and pan shape can affect this, so treat it as a guide, not a law.)