How ripe should the bananas be?
Ripe-ripe. Lots of brown spots, strong banana smell, soft enough to mash easily. If they are still firm and pale, the pancakes will taste flatter and less sweet.
Do I really need lemon juice?
For this recipe, yes. It is not just for flavor. The lemon juice reacts with the baking soda so the pancakes lift properly and do not taste soapy or metallic. If you want to skip lemon, use buttermilk (or soured milk) and keep the baking soda, or use all baking powder and no soda.
Can I make these without lemon flavor?
Yep. You have options. Keep the lemon juice (for chemistry) but skip the zest, then add 1 teaspoon extra vanilla or a pinch of cinnamon. If you want zero citrus at all, use 1 tablespoon white vinegar to sour the milk instead of lemon juice.
Why did my pancakes turn out dense?
Most often it is overmixing or a pan that is too hot. Mix just until you stop seeing dry flour, then let the batter rest 5 minutes. Also, keep heat at medium to medium-low so the centers have time to cook.
Can I use whole wheat flour?
You can. Swap in half whole wheat flour for half all-purpose flour for a heartier pancake that still stays tender. If you go 100 percent whole wheat, add an extra 2 to 4 tablespoons milk as needed.
Can I make them dairy-free?
Yep. Use unsweetened oat milk or almond milk and add 1 tablespoon lemon juice or vinegar to it, then let it sit 5 minutes before using. Cook with neutral oil or plant-based butter. The pancakes still brown nicely.
How do I know when to flip?
Look for bubbles across the surface and edges that look set and slightly matte. If you flip too early, the pancake can smear and lose height.