What gluten free flour should I use?
A 1:1 gluten free baking flour (the kind meant to replace all purpose flour) is the easiest win here. Look for one that includes xanthan gum, which most mainstream blends already do. If your blend does not include it, add 1/4 teaspoon xanthan gum to the dry ingredients.
Can I use natural or Dutch process cocoa powder?
Either works. Natural cocoa tastes a little brighter and more classic brownie. Dutch process is darker and smoother. Use what you have.
Can I make these dairy free?
Yes, with one small caveat. Swap the butter for an equal amount of melted vegan butter, and use dairy free chocolate. For the closest texture to regular brownies, choose a stick style vegan butter (tub spreads can add extra water and change the bake a bit).
Are these brownies also gluten free if I use cocoa powder?
Cocoa powder is naturally gluten free, but cross contamination can happen. If you are cooking for someone with celiac disease, buy cocoa powder and chocolate labeled gluten free.
How do I know when gluten free brownies are done?
Start checking at 25 minutes (or a little earlier if using a 9x9 pan). The brownies are done when the edges look set and slightly pulled from the pan, and a toothpick in the center comes out with moist crumbs, not wet batter. If the toothpick comes out totally clean, they are likely overbaked.
Why did my brownies turn out gritty?
Usually it is sugar that did not dissolve enough or a flour blend with a gritty rice flour texture. Whisk the eggs and sugar well, and let the batter sit for 5 minutes before baking to hydrate the flour.