Common Questions
Do I have to use the pith and seeds?
You do not have to, but they help a lot. The seeds and the thick pithy bits you trim off contain natural pectin. That is why we tie them in cheesecloth so you get the benefits without the weird bits.
Why is my marmalade bitter?
Some bitterness is the point. If it is too bitter, a few things could be happening: you included a ton of thick white pith, you did not blanch the peel, or you reduced it very aggressively and concentrated the bitter compounds. Next time, blanch the peel and be more selective with thick pith.
How do I know when it is done?
The best home method is the cold plate test. Chill a small plate in the freezer. Spoon a little marmalade onto it and wait 60 seconds. If it wrinkles when you push it with your finger, you are set.
Helpful extra cues: the bubbles look thicker and slower, and when you drag a spoon across the bottom of the pot, it leaves a brief trail before filling back in.
My marmalade will not set. What can I do?
First, do not panic. Marmalade often sets more as it cools. If it is still loose the next day, reboil it with a splash of lemon juice and simmer to a higher temperature, then test again. You can also add a little apple peel or extra citrus seeds in a cheesecloth bundle next time for extra pectin.
Can I reduce the sugar?
You can, but set and shelf life depend on sugar. If you reduce it a lot, expect a looser texture and plan to refrigerate and use sooner. For a less-sweet vibe without changing the chemistry too much, keep the sugar but add a tiny pinch of salt and do not skip the lemon.
What oranges work best?
Any orange works. Navel oranges are easy and common. Valencia oranges are super juicy. If you have access to Seville oranges, they make a more traditional, pleasantly bitter marmalade.
What about altitude?
At higher elevations, water boils at a lower temperature, so marmalade reaches its set at a lower temperature too. A simple rule: subtract about 2°F for every 1,000 feet of elevation (so around 216°F at 2,000 feet). The cold plate test still wins if you are unsure.